@article {83049,
	title = {Sex-biased survivorship and differences in migration of wild steelhead (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) smolts from two coastal Oregon rivers},
	journal = {Ecology of Freshwater Fish},
	volume = {25},
	number = {4},
	year = {2016},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}In salmonids with partial migration, females are more likely than males to undergo smoltification and migrate to the ocean (vs. maturing in freshwater). However, it is not known whether sex affects survivorship during smolt migration (from fresh water to entry into the ocean){\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). In this study, smolts were sexed and tagged to see if gender affects survival up to the point at which they enter the ocean.  Since females tend to enter the ocean earlier than males, they might have higher survival rates.  This study found that Alsea River female smolts did have higher survival rates in 2009, but not in 2010. Additionally, Nehalem River smolts in 2009 showed no difference in survival based on gender.  The study proves that there can be a difference in survival based on gender in some cases, but that multiple factors affect survival.},
	pages = {p. 642-651},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Fall Creek, life history, migration, Nehalem River estuary, North Fork Nehalem River, remote sensing, sex ratio, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12242 },
	author = {Thompson, Neil F. and Leblanc, Camille A. and Romer, Jeremy D. and Schreck, Carl B. and Blouin, Michael S. and Noakes, David L. G.}
}
